reflection week 4

TOPIC 3 : PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATION OF CURRICULUM

        Hi! All thanks to those who still visit my blog in the fourth week. Forgive me for being slow to deliver shares on the fourth week. Based on the fourth week that I get from sharing Miss Soinim I have studied Philosophy and Educational Major philosophies.

Recognition

        Learning philosophy is the study of a human mind and our own thinking in assessing the activities carried guidelines in the future. In other words, the philosophy of encouraging people to think more critically and criticism. Where, philosophy itself aims is to find and prove the truth and give directions or directives for the important things in life. In this case, each of the acts and behavior that reflects what people think of someone in their minds.


Concept of Philosophy

       term philosophy comes from two Greek words, namely 'philos' (love) and sophia (wisdom). According to two Greek words meaning, the term can be interpreted as the subject of philosophical love of wisdom.

      At the time of Greek civilization in ancient philosophers like Socrates leading, Plato, Aristotle, Rousseau. Dewey, Adler, Confucius, Al Farabi, Tagore and others has contributed to our basic understanding of what education can do. They also provide critical perspectives authorities revealed problems in education. In addition, for John Groodland "philosophy is the starting point in deciding curriculum and is the basis for all subsequent decisions about curriculum"

Major philosophy

1)Idealism
2)Realism
3)Pragmatism
4)Existentialism


Idealism

       The highest goal is the search for truth and the values that will stand the test of time. Where, idealism is the philosophy that affirms the reality, or reality, as we know, is basically mental, mental constructed. In this case, the truth and value are seen as absolute, eternal, and universal. In addition, idealism pressed the importance of the idea and the concept of learning. Where, believe the sharing of ideas and the great works of universal and term life. They believe that all students should have at least one teacher in front of them share the received information, so that they learn to norm-cultural norms. In the classroom, idealistic put a lot of focus on lectures, discussions and artificial. In idealism curriculum, curriculum is a hierarchy. Concepts and abstract subjects which are the main subject.

Realism

       Realism is not as idealism, realism strongly recommend the use of scientific investigation and senses to learn. Where they put the focus on the physical world, arguing that reality, knowledge and values exist independent of the mind. Where, realism believes that schools should encourage a rational human being through observation and study. In this case, a lot of responsibility placed on teachers who have the right background and the information is reliable. Realism teacher's belief in the importance of learning experiment. In order to learn, students must take a hand-on approach. Realism in the teaching curriculum is logical to use that nurture the mind and rational thinking. For example, in the tree R's approach (Reading, Witting, Arithmetic).


Pragmatism

      Pragmatic put the focus on the idea of change. Ongoing changes that have caused the people to understand what it means to know. Pragmatism believes that the exchange between the environment represents. They also believe that truth and values are constantly changing as people who have values change with the environment. They encourage students to solve the problem through problem-based student activities such as investigations, providing technology and other resources, and encourage students to collaborate with others. Show more money teaching Exploration of illumination. Wherein, the teaching and learning as a process of rebuilding experience by scientific methods with a focus on problem-solving.

Existentialism

      Existentialism put their focus on the ideas of existence and essence. Individuals create their own meaning. Looking for someone to make the goal of lifelong goal for existentialists. Where, they believe in the importance of personal choice and reflects the knowledge. At school, they are concerned with 'building, an independent self-actualizing ". This means having a lesson discusses the life and decisions they make. In the classroom, the teacher gives emphasis to ask questions and discover one's purpose in life. Students are given the opportunity to express who they are through how they live their lives.

Educational Philosophies

Educational  philosophies	Philosophical  Base	Aim of philosophies	Knowledge	Role of teacher	Teaching method
Perennialism	Realism	To educate the rational person	Focus on past and  permanent studies	Helps students to  think rationally. Teacher is an authority  in the field (Unquestionable)	Socratic method,  oral exposition (lecture), explicit teaching of  traditional values
Essentialism	Realism and  idealism	To promote intellectual  growth and educate the competent person	Essential skills,  master of concept,  and principles	Authority in the field.	Explicit teaching  of traditional values. Tough discipline.
Progressivism	Pragmatism	To provide democratic,  social living	Growth and development,  living learning process, focus on active and  relevant learning	To guide	Problem solving and  scientific inquiry
Reconstructionis	Pragmatism	To improve and   reconstruct society.Education  is for change  and social reform	Skills and subjects that  identify problem of society.  Active learning with focus  of contemporary and future	Agent of change and  reform  (Project director)	Case study, involve  students for social  responsibilities. Neutrality is  not an option.  Social analysis,  interpretation and  evaluation activities